Teams commit eight figures to GPU fleets with less reliability data than a used-car buyer gets. This page is the antidote, in two honestly-separated layers: published field studies (what large clusters actually measured, with sources), and the documented failure surface per GPU family, interconnect and provider stack from the 559 classified signatures in our public Failure Encyclopedia.
Published third-party reliability measurements, reported as-published with sources. Denpex reprints these; it did not produce them.
16,384× NVIDIA H100 80GB (SXM), Meta production training · 54-day Llama-3 405B pre-training run
1,056 GPUs (A100 + H100), 11.7M GPU-hours over 2.5 years · 2.5 years of production operation
Oak Ridge Summit — 27,648× V100 · multi-year production study
Multi-cluster A100 study · multi-year
What we deliberately do NOT publish yet: a Denpex-fleet MTBF table. Cross-tenant incident telemetry only began accumulating in July 2026, and an index computed from weeks of data would be noise sold as signal. When the corpus crosses 90 days and the cross-tenant disclosure ships, this section lights up with real numbers and full denominators.
Counts of DISTINCT documented failure signatures in the public Denpex Failure Encyclopedia (559 published classes). These measure how many documented, fixable ways each slice of the stack fails — a coverage/complexity map for procurement diligence, not a field failure rate. Every count links back to entries any engineer can read in the Failure Encyclopedia — this is auditable, not vibes. 61 of 559 signatures are hardware-class; 13 NVIDIA Xid codes are covered (13, 31, 43, 48, 61, 62, 63, 64, 69, 74, 79, 94, 119).
How many DISTINCT documented ways training fails on/around each GPU family — a complexity map for diligence, not a field failure rate.
| Slice | Documented failure signatures | Critical-severity | Where they concentrate |
|---|---|---|---|
| H100 (SXM/PCIe) | 10 | 3 | Reliability (2) · Hardware (2) · Communication (2) |
| A100 | 4 | 1 | Reliability (2) · Hardware (2) |
| H200 | 2 | 1 | Reliability (1) · Communication (1) |
| B200 / GB200 | 2 | 1 | Reliability (1) · Communication (1) |
NVLink/NVSwitch vs InfiniBand vs RoCE vs EFA vs PCIe — where the fabric bites.
| Slice | Documented failure signatures | Critical-severity | Where they concentrate |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCIe | 22 | 8 | Hardware (14) · Communication (2) · Memory (1) |
| NVLink / NVSwitch | 18 | 6 | Hardware (8) · Communication (4) · Fail-Slow (1) |
| InfiniBand | 17 | 3 | Communication (10) · Network (2) · Distributed Communication (1) |
| RoCE / Ethernet | 7 | 2 | Communication (4) · Network (2) · Hardware (1) |
| AWS EFA | 3 | 1 | Communication (3) |
Failure signatures that reference each provider's stack (EFA, GKE, AKS, Slurm/on-prem, ...). Higher ≠ worse cloud — it can mean more usage and better-documented failure modes. Read with the studies above.
| Slice | Documented failure signatures | Critical-severity | Where they concentrate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kubernetes (any cloud) | 10 | 0 | Infrastructure (5) · Communication (2) · Reliability (1) |
| On-prem / HPC (Slurm etc.) | 8 | 1 | Infrastructure (4) · Distributed Training (1) · Environment (1) |
| AWS | 7 | 1 | Communication (3) · Infrastructure (2) · Network (1) |
| Azure | 3 | 0 | Infrastructure (3) |
| Google Cloud | 2 | 0 | Infrastructure (1) · Network (1) |
| CoreWeave | 2 | 0 | Reliability (1) · Infrastructure (1) |
| RunPod | 2 | 0 | Infrastructure (2) |
| Lambda | 1 | 1 | Infrastructure (1) |
Machine-readable JSON (free, no key): GET https://api.denpex.com/api/reliability-index. Cite it in your procurement memo; the sources above carry the field numbers.